16 - Alexander The Great (Macedonian) - الإسكندر الأكبر (المقدونى)1

Click here to edIn 332 BC after , defeating the Persians , Alexander III if Macedonia (356-323 bc) turned south towards Egypt. There he overthrew the Achaemenid sattap Mazaces and entered memphis , the old pharaonic capital . Egypt became part of the Hellenic world . As the country was reorganized there was an inevitble shift in focus to the Mediterranean. 
 Choice of site : What were the reasons that made Alexander the great choose this particular site for the future Alexandria? The Macedonian ruler’s overall purpose was to bring Egypt closer to the the greek world , and he wanted to found a new port that would not be affected by the nile floods. 
His choice fell on spot lying on a rocky spit of land that was as close as practicable to the nile . It had the added advantage of being associated with an islan already familiar to the Greeks, ever since the Poet Homer had used it as the setting for an episode of the odyssey.
Strabo , in the first century BC, refers to an Egyptian city predating the foundation of Alexandria called Rhakotis . In fact , “Rackotis” (Raqed in Egyptian , literally “building sit”) was what the Egyptian workmen called the city , because they refused to use its Founder’s name it.